Device for determining whether ignition has occurred

专利摘要:
The invention relates to a device for use in a method for determining in a heating appliance whether the ignition of the mixtures of fuel fluid and air has taken place, comprising the following steps: - applying an electrical ignition signal to a measuring circuit; - filtering an ignition signal from the ignition signal; - comparing the detected ignition signal with a predetermined pattern; and - determining that the expected ignition signal has taken place during a predetermined period of time.
公开号:NL2017345A
申请号:NL2017345
申请日:2016-08-22
公开日:2016-10-10
发明作者:Jan Cool Peter
申请人:Intergas Heating Assets Bv；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

Device for determining whether ignition has taken place
The applicant successfully markets heating appliances that can be efficiently produced thanks to the embedding of one or more heat exchangers in a casting. This known heating device is provided with an ignition pin for igniting a gas-air mixture.
The present invention provides a device for use in a method for determining in the heater whether the ignition of a mixture of fuel fluid and air has taken place, comprising the following steps: applying an electrical ignition signal to a measuring circuit; filtering an ignition signal from the ignition signal; comparing the detected ignition signal with a predetermined pattern; and determining that the expected ignition signal has occurred during a predetermined period of time.
Thanks to the present invention, it is possible to reliably detect whether ignition has occurred or that repeated ignition can be omitted and / or ignition does not occur or takes place too late, so that a dangerous amount of gas-air mixture is present in or outside the heating device. Since most modern central heating appliances exchange information with service or manufacturer, it can be established at an early stage that ignition does not always occur the first time.
The present invention further provides a device for determining in the heating appliance whether the ignition of the mixtures of fuel fluid and air has taken place, comprising: measuring means to which an electrical ignition signal has been applied; filtering means for filtering an ignition signal from the ignition signal; comparing means for comparing the filtered ignition signal with a predetermined pattern; and determining means for determining whether the ignition signal has occurred during a predetermined period of time.
The device preferably comprises a filter section in order to filter out the relatively low frequency of the ignition signal at a relatively high voltage.
In order to recognize two peaks from the ignition signal, amplification and rectification then preferably take place in an amplification section.
In order to accurately determine the start of an ignition signal, a trigger section is preferably connected in parallel with the filter section and the amplification section.
A first logic section is preferably connected to the outputs of the amplification section and a second logic section is connected to the outputs of the first logic section and the trigger section so that ignition can be detected from a simple block signal.
The present invention furthermore provides a heating device which is provided with an ignition pin in which the protection is more robust and the distance between the preferably straight ignition pin and protrusion on the heat exchanger, which is preferably designed as a casting, is guaranteed.
Further advantages, features and details of the present invention will be elucidated on the basis of the following description of a preferred embodiment thereof with reference to the following drawing, in which:
FIG. 1 is an oblique, three-dimensional side view, partly in section, of a preferred embodiment of the heating device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a section along the line II-II of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an oblique side view of details III from FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 a front view detail IV from fig. 3;
Figure 5 is a circuit diagram of a preferred embodiment of a circuit to which a signal applied to the ignition pin is connected to determine whether ignition has occurred;
Figure 6 shows a circuit diagram of a second embodiment of the circuit;
Figures 7A-7F resp. schematic representations of signals as they occur in the preferred embodiment of the electrical signals according to the circuit diagrams of Figs. 5 and 6.
The preferred embodiment of the heater with the circuit included therein has a number of important advantages:
The quality of the ignition can be accurately and easily tested before a heater leaves the factory, meaning that production errors due to the application of ignition pins or other inaccuracies will almost certainly be a thing of the past.
Proper operation of the ignition can be properly checked throughout the service life of the device. If problems occur, information about its cause can easily be obtained, such as, for example, the leakage of the ceramic insulating material from the ignition pin, whereby irregularities in the ignition signal occur. In the event of an incorrect distance from the ignition pin to a component of the device (counter-electrode), the signal shows that ignition is late or not. A possibly occurring (partial) short-circuiting of the high-voltage cable also leads to phenomena that can be observed according to the description of the present patent application.
In practice, sparking takes place every 20 milliseconds (ms). With the aid of the result of the present invention, sparking can be stopped immediately as soon as the inflammation has not been observed.
A common complaint of such a device is that the ignition only takes place after repeatedly drawing sparks, as a result of which an explosive-type ignition takes place, which is undesirable. This can be prevented if the cause of a difficult ignition is traced at an early stage so that it will be a thing of the past to cause frequent sparks and / or late ignition, i.e. as soon as a large amount of gas is present.
It is suspected that information on the quality of combustion will also be obtained from signal processing in the future, while in the future there will no longer be repeated sparking, which is energy-saving and will prolong the service life of various components.
A heating device 2 comprises a burner 4, a heat exchanger 6, a fan 8 and a so-called gas block 10 for supplying gas and air into the space between the burner 4 and the heat exchanger 6. Fan 8 receives air via the air inlet 7, while the burnt gases here schematically indicated pipe 5 is led out of the device into the flue gas channel. An ignition pin 17 is provided on the housing in the space between the burner 4 and the heat exchanger 6.
The heat exchanger 10 (Fig. 2,3,4) comprises a casting 11 as well as heat exchange improving fins 12, two heat exchangers being arranged in the casting. In the present exemplary embodiment, a first heat exchanger comprises relatively thick tubes 13 for space heating, while thinner tubes 14 are embedded in the casting 11 for hot tap water.
Attached to an upper flange 16 of the heat exchanger is a firing unit 17 comprising a firing pin 18, for example of FeCrAl material, as well as an insulating sheath 18 and an electrical connection 19. In the present exemplary embodiment, the casting 17 is provided with a protrusion 21. The firing pin 17 protrudes obliquely downwards at a small angle to near the burner 4 from which a gas-air mixture flows in a manner not shown as soon as the device responds to the demand for space heating and / or hot tap water. In the present example, it is a straight pin, i.e. without a bent end, while the heat exchanger is chamfered and provides space for the ignition pin above the protrusion 21.
When mounting the ignition unit 17, some inaccuracy can occur, as a result of which a desired distance between the end of the ignition pin and the protrusion 21 does not always prove to be guaranteed in practice, while certain tolerances can be exceeded over time due to wear. It is undesirable if a gas-air mixture is not ignited immediately, while it is also undesirable if ignition continues while the gas-air mixture has already been ignited.
In many existing central heating boilers, for example, a breakdown is forced for four seconds at a frequency of 20 Hz (or 50 Hz or another frequency) between the ignition pin and a (more or less) grounded part by applying a voltage of approximately 10 to the ignition pin a 50 kV, whereby the spark spreads at around 6 to 8 kV if there is a distance of 6 to 8 mm and dry air. The high voltage is generated in a known manner with the aid of a primary winding, a secondary winding and a capacitor.
After sparks have blown for 4 seconds, it is checked, for example, for 1 second whether the gas-air mixture has ignited. If this is not the case, the gas-air mixture must first be emitted with the help of a fan, after which the cycle can start again. If after a number of cycles still no ignition has been observed, an error signal is emitted in the existing devices, whereby it is not clear whether or not something is wrong with the gas supply, the ignition or otherwise.
In a single case, it may happen that the assembly of the ignition pin is not set completely correctly, which may cause less ignition. Also, due to a short circuit or poor earthing, an irregularity can occur in the pattern of the ignition sparks, while switches in the gas block or ignition mechanism can also function poorly or not at all.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention is based on the insight that from a pattern of a detected ignition signal it can be determined that the non-ignition of gas-air mixture is for example due to a defective ignition, or that that pattern shows that ignition sparks form a regular pattern whereby it could be due to a fault in gas supply.
This information is particularly valuable when such information can be obtained remotely by a service engineer and therefore a probable cause of the problems can be determined. Furthermore, it will in all likelihood be possible, after it has been established for a longer period of time that this all works reliably, to reduce the length of the duration, the duration during which sparking is carried out, for example from 4 seconds. to 2 sec. so that the chance of a prolonged outflow of air gas mixture is reduced and safety is further increased.
A preferred embodiment of a circuit 30 (Fig. 5) comprises a band filter 31, an amplifier tap 32, a trigger section 33 and two logic sections 34, respectively. 35. The band filter 31 comprises a number of resistors 41, 42, 43 as well as capacitors 44, 45, 46, the values of which are chosen such that only relatively low-frequency signals, e.g. not above 3 kHz, the signal applied to input A are transmitted. .
The amplifier portion 32 comprises resistors 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57 and 58 as well as two series-connected transistors 61, 62 and capacitors 66, 67, 68, 69 and a diode 71.
The trigger section 33 comprises a comparator 81 as well as resistors 82, 83, 84, 85, this section being connected on the one hand to ground (GND) and on the other hand to the supply voltage VCC of, for example, 5 V (or 10 V).
A logic section 34 comprises resistors 90, 91, ICs 92.93 as well as a further resistor 94 and capacitors 95, 96. The logic output section 35 comprises two logic gates 101, resp. 102.
In a second preferred embodiment of a circuit 130 (Fig. 6), the purchase of the components is more advantageous.
The second preferred embodiment of the circuit 130 comprises a filter portion 131, an amplifier portion 132, a trigger portion 133, and two logic portions 134, respectively. 135.
The amplifier portion 132 includes capacitors 141, 142, 143, 144 as well as resistors 145, 146 and 147. The amplifier portion 132 includes transistors 151, 152, 153, Zener diodes 154, 155, capacitors 156, 157, and resistors 158, 159, 160, 161 , 162, 163, 164, 165, 166 and 167 as well as a capacitor 169.
The triggering portion 143 comprises capacitors 170, 171, 172, an operational amplifier 173 as well as resistors 174, 175, 176, 177 and 178.
The first logic portion 134 includes an IC 180, capacitors 181, 182 as well as resistors 183, 184. The second logic section 135 includes an IC 190 as well as a capacitor 191 and a resistor 192.
Via an alternating voltage of, for example, 230 volts applied between ground and mains voltage (Vg), a high voltage of, for example, 15 kV as required for the ignition pin is generated via a resistor via a transformer 101 with a primary winding 102 and secondary winding 103 so that 104 relatively low ohmic value, about 10Ω and a TVS (Transient Voltage Suppression) diode, a current 105 of, for example, 1.5 Amps (A) will start running, see Fig. 7A. At such a value of 1.5 A then breakdown occurs which is characterized by one or two peaks before the main peak is reached, which shows that breakdown has taken place.
At a time t 1 (FIG. 7A), a slightly unstructured ignition signal is superimposed on the alternating current signal applied to the firing pin, superimposed thereon at the input A of the circuits of FIGS. 5 and 6.
The duration up to time ti is normative for the ignition distance and the insulation (see also fig. 7G).
The ignition signal Si is filtered out by the band filter 31 so that a schematically represented signal S2 (FIG. 7B) is present at point B in the circuit diagram of FIGS. 5 and 6. After amplification by the amplifier stage, the signal S3 of Fig. 7C is produced at point C in the circuits of Figs. 5 and 6.
After a logical section 34, signal S4 from Fig. 7E is available at point D, the length of which depends on the number of current peaks that have occurred (Fig. 7C). These current peaks can occur a maximum of 100ns in succession. The rising edge occurs at the 1st current peak and if no peak is detected after 150ns (5t, Fig. 7D), the falling edge will occur.
The characteristic is, as can be seen from Figure 7C, that after a first peak, a second peak within approximately 100 nano sec. is available. The falling edge of the signal in Fig. 7D occurs 150 nano sec. on after the ignition peak.
Because section 33 of fig. 5 and 133 of fig. 6 generate a square wave that is related to the positive side of the alternating current that is offered at point A. As a result, the signal S5 in FIG. 7D will arise at point E in FIG. Because this signal indicates a starting moment, only the first rising edge is relevant. The rest of the damping alternating current signal is masked. This masking becomes active when all current peaks have been (Signal S6 Fig. 7F) Point F Fig. 6. A combination of the signals S6 and S5 is made through a logic gate 35 (Fig. 5 and 136 Fig. 6) so that signal that is equal to the duration up to t1 - see Fig. 7G.
The time between a falling edge of the signal S4 and a new rising edge of the signal Si is, for example, approximately 5 ms. A block signal with a period of, for example, 1.25 ms is made by the trigger section by amplification up to the supply voltage Vcc.
A logical combination of the signal from Fig. 7E with the signal from Fig. 7F produces a signal at the output F from which it appears that the ignition signal time t1 has occurred, after which it appears within 1-1.5 ms that ignition has not occurred again.
Just for clarity. A study of the spark discharge has shown that pre-discharges have often been followed by the actual main discharge and spark discharge. The purpose of the circuit is to determine the time distance between the start of the voltage build-up and the main. This was achieved by waiting another delta_t period after the detection of a discharge (see also 7E). The time span until the spark overtopping (Figure 7G) is therefore the time up to the main discharge plus delta_t.
Thanks to the above described preferred embodiment, little unnecessary repeated ignition takes place, while it can be recognized at an early stage that problems with ignition occur since modern heating devices can be read remotely by the manufacturer and / or maintenance service and it can therefore be maintained that ignition after some time must occur repeatedly so that early maintenance can be carried out and / or dangerous situations can be avoided.
Thanks to the device and method described above, the time is measured from the start of the charge build-up and coil up to the time of spark flashover. If such a spark time is 20 milliseconds, there are 50 measured spark times per second.
Before starting the boiler, that is, before a gas-air mixture is introduced, the sparking time can be measured so that leakage voltage can be determined via ceramic insulating material or a too large ignition distance.
After about a second after starting the boiler, the mixture will flow to the burner after about 1 second, after which this sparking time will decrease considerably by around 20%.
As outlined above, according to the present patent application, the ignition is thus checked, whereby detection of a possible cause of a fault takes place, the moment of ignition at the start of the device is determined and, also preferably also remotely, also in the long term. information about combustion quality is obtained.
The present protection is not limited to the following claims within the scope of which many modifications may be conceivable.

权利要求:
Claims (6)
[1]
An apparatus for burning a mixture of fuel fluid and air comprising: a gas block unit for supplying gas; a fan connected to a gas block unit for drawing in air; a combustor disposed near a heat exchanger; and discharge means for discharging the burned mixture, wherein an ignition pin is arranged near the heat exchanger and wherein the heat exchanger is provided with a protruding counter-electrode.
[2]
Device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the end of the ignition pin extends substantially straight up to near the heat exchanger.
[3]
Device according to either of claims 1 or 2, wherein the heat exchanger comprises a casting.
[4]
Device for burning a mixture of fuel fluid and air according to one of claims 1 to 3, comprising: - a gas block unit for supplying gas; a fan connected to the gas block unit for drawing in air; - a burner disposed near a heat exchanger; and discharge means for discharging the burned mixture, wherein an ignition pin is arranged near the heat exchanger and for use in a method comprising the following steps: - applying an electrical ignition signal to a measuring circuit; filtering an ignition signal from the ignition signal; comparing the detected ignition signal with a predetermined pattern; and determining that the expected ignition signal has occurred during a predetermined period of time.
[5]
Device as claimed in any of the claims 1 to 4 for determining in a heating appliance whether the ignition of the mixture of fuel fluid and air has taken place, comprising: measuring means to which an electrical ignition signal has been applied; filtering means for filtering an ignition signal from the ignition signal; - comparing means for comparing the filtered ignition signal with a predetermined pattern; and determining means for determining whether the ignition signal has occurred during a predetermined period of time.
[6]
Device as claimed in any of the claims 1 to 5, wherein the end of the ignition pin extends substantially straight up to the heat exchanger and the heat exchanger is provided with a protruding counter-electrode.

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法律状态:
2018-04-25| RC| Pledge established|Free format text: DETAILS LICENCE OR PLEDGE: RIGHT OF PLEDGE, ESTABLISHED Name of requester: INTERMEDIATE CAPITAL GROUP PLC Effective date: 20180319 |

优先权:

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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

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NL2014326|2015-02-20|

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